Fibre flocculation during twin- wire roll forming
نویسندگان
چکیده
At the division of Paper Technology a forming unit consisting of headbox, forming roll unit and reservoir system for suspension recirculation has been constructed, with the main purpose to experimentally study the paper forming event by visually following the fibre flow phenomena in the forming zone. The effect of various running parameters upon the pressure distribution, which is in correlation to the flow phenomena occuring during forming, has been studied with a flush mounted pressure sensor. Some combinations of running parameters resulted in highly oscillating pressure pulses, which were evaluated by their wavelength. The visualisation was made with a high-speed video camera and a pulsed laser light source. The forming zone was observed via a mirror mounted on the forming roll, thus following a specific small area of the forming zone. This made it possible to follow floc motions relative to the forming roll/wire. The flocs were found to move towards the wire due to the dewatering flow wereupon the bottom part of the floc was pinned to the wire. If the suspension speed is different from the wire speed the floc will be stretched out, because the upper part of the floc has a slightly different speed in comparison to the bottom part. If this speed difference is high enough, the flocs may split and thus contribute to fragmentation. The floc-floc interaction has been studied in a Couette apparatus. It has been observed that voids in the suspension play a central role for the floc break-up process. The reason is belived to be that voids induce movement inside the suspension, which is a prerequisite for floc break-up. The floc-floc relative movements have been found to obey simple laws of rackand-pinion principles. Sammanfattning Vid avdelningen för Pappersteknik har en formningsenhet bestående av en inloppslåda, en formningsvals samt ett vattentankssystem tillverkats med huvudmål att möjliggöra experimentella undersökningar av ett pappers formningsförlopp. Både analys av de viktiga körparametrarna såsom avvattningstryck samt visuella studier av strömningsförloppet har utförts. Effekten av olika körparametrars påverkan på avvattningstrycket har studerats, eftersom tryckförloppet i formningszonen påverkar strömningsförhållandena. Tryckmätningarna har utförts med en membrantryckgivare, vilken har monterats i formningsvalsens yta. Vissa körbetingelser visade sig orsaka oscillationer i tryckfördelningen, vilka analyserades genom våglängdsmätningar hos tryckvariationen. Visualiseringssytemet bestod av en höghastighetskamera samt en pulsad laser som belysningsenhet. Formningszonen observerades via en spegel som var monterad på formningsvalsens bakstycke, vilket medförde att en specifik del av formningsvalsen studerades. Detta möjliggjorde att en fiberflock kunde följas samt dess relativa hastighet gentemot formningsviran studeras genom hela formningszonen. Fiberflockarna befanns röra sig mot formningsviran på grund av avvattningsflödet, varefter den nedre delen av flocken låstes mot viran. Om hastighetsskillnaden mellan suspension (bulk) och vira är hög kan flocken brytas upp vilket leder till fragmentering. Flock-flock-interaktioner har studerats med hjälp av en Couette-apparat. Det visade sig att håligheter i suspensionen spelade en central roll för flockuppbrytningen. Orsaken tros vara att håligheter tillåter intern rörlighet i en suspension, vilket är nödvändigt för flockuppbrytning. Den relativa rörelsen mellan flockar följer kugghjul-kuggstångsprincipen.
منابع مشابه
Fibre Floc Morphology and Dewaterability of a Pulp Suspension: Role of Flocculation Kinetics and Characteristics of Flocculation Agents
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